Posts tagged Yoga
Yoga, Qigong and Chronic Illness
 
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All disease begins in the gut.
— Hippocrates

I’ve lived with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) for almost 20 years now; I was initially diagnosed with pancolitis (Ulcerative Colitis) in 2002, then had total colectomy surgery and was subsequently diagnosed with fistulating Crohn’s disease. Auto-immune illnesses tend to be complex, layered pathologies, meaning there will inevitably be multiple components to a possible ‘cure’.

I am a firm believer of the idea that everyone needs to find their own path in health; in most complex auto-immune illnesses there is no one solution or wonder-drug that can cure them. They are complex illnesses where the body is out of balance and they require good medical guidance, but also individual inquiry and effort.

For me realising that I could and needed to take ownership, rather than solely relying on medical science, has helped me improve a lot. I realised that I was very disconnected from actually feeling, from listening to my body’s signals; from my own inherent wisdom. Yoga and Qigong opened the door to help me reconnect. 

 

Yoga is a mind-body practice, helping to unite the different layers (Koshas) of our being; the physical, energetic, mental/emotional, wisdom and deeper Self. Through the path of the 8-limbs of Yoga we are able to connect to the deeper Self and feel total connection to ourselves and the outside world. We have the realisation that we are all one; non-duality. We find our bliss by quieting the ‘monkey mind’, that incessant voice in our heads constantly judging/fixing/comparing and can completely present in the moment. No more reminiscing the past or ‘what if-ing’ the future. Just being here, right now.

To get to this state in our fast-paced world, we need to slow down and do the work of yoga. The path of yoga follows ethical standards (Yamas), spiritual observances (Niyamas), movement (Asana), breathwork (Pranayama), going inward (Pratyahara), focus (Dharana) so we can go deeper into meditation (Dhyana) in order to find our deeper Self or Bliss (Samadhi). Yoga is also not just practiced on the mat, you try to live your Yoga every day. By being mindful, practicing Yamas (like non-violence, truthfulness and non-stealing) and Niyamas (like contentment, self-study and discipline), setting an intention to be living your life with more purpose and awareness.

Yoga has has changed -perhaps even saved- my life as I found it when I was in a very dark place. I was struggling with my physical and mental health and I was giving up on life. Yoga made me feel strong and flexible both physically and mentally and it also helped to open my mind to the more spiritual aspects. I could break away from my closed “I Know” mindset into a more “Maybe” frame of mind, open to the idea that life gets far more interesting when you really listen and become curious.

The one aspect that I still found very difficult to connect with was the energetic part. The Kosha model in Yoga views us as having five layers, starting with the physical, which is the most tangible. The second layer is the energetic (Pranamaya Kosha) also known as the subtle body as it is something we can’t see but feel; it is the part of us where the energy flows. The energy flows through energy channels; the three major ones being the central channel (Sushumna) and Ida and Pingala (the left and right channels weaving around the central channel) representing the Yin (feminine) and Yang (masculine) energy in the body. Besides the 3 major channels the Yogis believe we have some 72.000 minor channels (or Nadis) transporting the energy (or Prana) through our body. Along the central channel there are 7 energy wheels (or Chakras) from the base of the spine to the crown of the head, all representing different developmental and emotional parts of our being. One more way of energy to flow through the subtle body are the five Winds (Vayus). These flows represent the way that air and energy can flow in, through and out the body and the energetic quality this creates.

As you can see, it is all quite involved and then I found out that there are other ways to map energy; when I started learning about Yin yoga, we learned there were 12 main energy channels and 8 extraordinary ones and that energy (now named Qi or Chi) was stored in three energy centres (or Dantian). Then while learning Thai Yoga massage, they used 10 energy channels (or 10 Sen) but I did recognise the 3 main energy channels (although named them slightly differently; Sumana, Ittha, Pinkala). Finally those energy channels have connection points on the surface of the skin (acupressure points) where we can stimulate/manipulate the energy via needles (acupuncture) or pressure (massage, tapping).

While this all got pretty complex, it was also remarkably easy. Energy (Prana, or Qi/Chi) flows through our body through channels (Nadis, or Meridians or Sen). It can concentrate in certain areas (Chakras or Dantian) and if the energy flows freely and we have enough of it, we feel balanced, healthy and happy. When energy is deficient or blocked, we feel unwell emotionally and/or physically.

I was able to understand this in my mind and was open to believing it to be true, but the disconnect happened with sensing into it. In my Yoga practices I could feel energised through movement and breath, but ‘feeling energy’ I couldn’t…. Enter Qigong!

Qigong (Qi = Life Force Energy, Gong= Work/Skill) came across my path some 15 years ago when for two years I would practice Tai Chi (a mind-body practice based on martial art used for health and meditation) for 2 hours a week. At the time I wasn’t practicing Yoga yet. The Tai Chi felt flowy, it required focus and movement and to memorise the sequence, all of which I loved. The first hour of the practice was Qigong; it was slow and repetitive and for me at the time perhaps a little too slow. Fast forward to 2020 where I reconnected with Qigong. This time as a Yogi. I was able to slow down, focus and enjoy the repetitive movement as a moving meditation. Very quickly I was able to tune into the sensations in my body, the tingling, swirling movement of Qi (Qigong uses the same energy map as we do in Yin Yoga where they speak of Qi and Meridians). I could actually feel the energy. With practice I can start feeling where energy flows, but also where it is blocked or deficient. This I believe is crucial in my healing process.

 
Whereas Yoga played a vital part in helping me to reconnect my mind and body, Qigong has been instrumental in connecting to the part of me my western mind was struggling to tune into; my energy, subtle body, soul or deeper self.
 

Energy is closely connected to Emotions. The energy sheat or subtle body (Pranamaya Kosha) sits between the Physical sheat (Annamaya Kosha) and the Mental/Emotional sheat (Manomaya Kosha). It is the link between the mind and the body and an important place to address mental and physical health.

Emotions, experiences, events which we haven’t properly processed (things we’ve experienced as traumatic), are stored in the body (see Bessel van der Kolk’s ‘The Body keeps the Score’ or Gabor Maté’s When the Body says No’ for more insights on this).  Furthermore, studies show that people suffering from IBD and other auto-immune illnesses who suffer from chronic fatigue, might suffer disrupted emotional processing. A lack of emotional regulation (unprocessed emotions, avoidance, suppressed emotions) might develop into anxiety and/or depression. Crohn’s disease itself can trigger traumatic experiences, worsening the illness and the emotions surrounding it. It’s a vicious cycle. So being able to better deal with emotions, in the moment through emotional regulation, but also the unprocessed emotions stored in the body, by being able to feel where the energy is blocked, I believe is a big part of my journey to better health.

Another simple yet highly effective tool is EFT (emotional freedom technique). EFT uses tapping on specific acupressure points (on those same meridians I mentioned from Yin Yoga and Qigong) in combination with recognising an emotion and positively affirming the underlying feeling (or limiting belief) was another big breakthrough. I feel I am about to extrapolate what I’ve learned so far from these simple yet powerful practices, the essential ingredient missing from my treatment plan; dealing with my dysregulated nervous system by working with and through my sublte/energy body. Finding the combination of awareness, focus, movement and understanding what energy to release, and what energy to strengthen I believe makes a big impact on health.

My plan is to keep combining Yoga and Somatics with Qigong and EFT in order to process emotions and balance my energy system. I want to share my practices with other people suffering with Chronic Illness such as Crohn’s and Colitis. More soon!

 
What makes us happy?
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It might be easier to look into what makes us unhappy…

According to eastern philosophies, unhappiness or suffering is an experience of the mind; craving things we cannot have and having aversion to the things we do not want, in a life which is constantly changing and will eventually end.

Modern life thrives on knowledge; we believe in science so much, that it has overtaken religion.  It has brought us great advances, and in the space of a few centuries the ways humans live, has changed profoundly; our lives involve more comfort and jobs involve more analytical thinking and less physical activity.  With the arrival of our virtual world through social media, we have started living in our minds even more. What have I observed of my own adaptation to working life?

It started with my posture slowly becoming more rounded, compressing my abdomen and chest, and I suffered from tension in my neck and shoulders and pain in my back. My body might have been deteriorating (even more so after I became ill and had surgeries) but my mind was great; it was fast and I loved that I could make quick decisions and judgement calls. I started to disconnect from my body; tuning out from sensations, as most were unpleasant anyway.

The brain is not just a neat analytical processor, it also helps us interact with the outside world using our senses, controls our bodies (to some extent), it has complex emotions intertwined with memories and an innate hard-wiring to detect danger and keep us safe. This danger-detection works quicker than our thinking part of the brain; on autopilot, the emotions, triggering memories, in turn triggering more emotions, can take over before we have a chance to rationalise it. When these reactions are repeatedly triggered they can create patterns which start to impact the body; a depressed or anxious person might instinctively hold a protective posture; rounding forward, compressing the chest and abdomen. A stressed person, perhaps feeling they are always on the go, with a sense of alertness in the body, might tense the back muscles causing the back to arch. Emotional patterns start to live in the body and as much as the mind impacts the body, the body impacts the mind.

So there I was, thriving on thinking, being ‘in my brain’, speeding up my judgments, lots of activity in my brain. Patterns getting stuck in my body, creating a feedback loop constantly triggering more emotional states. I started to dislike myself for being such a judgemental person. I became depressed by the thoughts that I wasn’t a very nice person. I became anxious people didn’t like me. Why would they; I didn’t like me. I had constant negative chatter in my mind and a body which (to my mind) was broken.

Fortunately my body started hurting so bad that I had to take action. After trying various things, I found Yoga and it slowly started to open up the contracted muscles at the front of my body, and strengthening the muscles at the back. I started to enjoy the feeling of my body opening up. The most surprising effect however, was my mind. Yoga had started to slow those negative thoughts in my mind. There was a bit more space there, offering a relief from all that mental activity.

Yoga (a Sanskrit word) means the union of body, mind, soul, and spirit. The Yoga Sutras, written by Patanjali over 2000 years ago, is a practical guide book for the spiritual journey of remembering who we are.  For a person who couldn’t even connect to her body, this whole spirit thing was a bit ‘out there’.  But since my mind had been given a little space, I was perhaps becoming a bit more open to new things. Yoga sutras 1.2 says that “Yoga is quieting the fluctuations of the mind”. I started to realise that the physical aspect, even though massively important as a tool for getting out of my mind and releasing some of those emotions stored in my body, was only minor in comparison with this understanding of the mind.

For a long time, I identified with my thoughts and feelings, I didn’t realise that I was not my thoughts and therefor I got caught up in the stories playing (over and over) in my mind. The feeling of dislike for myself was real, but yoga philosophy was teaching me about the ‘monkey mind’; the egoic part of the mind that can trick you, and wants to mull over past events, and worry about the future. That it wants to hold on to the things it likes and pushes away the things it doesn’t like, it wants to avoid pain at all costs. The stream of consciousness (the stories we tell ourselves), these critical voices can be so strong, that we believe we the stories are real….

 
Someday we will realise that the study of our personalities is more important than reading, writing and arithmetic.
— Dr. John E. Sarno


A big part of yoga is meditation and mindfulness. They are practices which help us to be present to the moment, to become aware of our thoughts and emotions, to be open and curious and not judge; they help us find that deeper part of us, the observer. We increase the gaps between thoughts and observe the thought patterns, we learn to let go and create more space between the thoughts. They also allow us to observe the sensations we feel in our bodies and release the patterns we store there (this is why the movement of yoga is so powerful as we actually get deeper into those spaces while we are being mindful). Modern brain scans have shown the increase in activity in our thinking brain and a decrease in activity of the old part of the brain that is responsible for fear, and there is an improvement in the communication between them. Through mindfulness and meditation we are able to physically improve structures in the brain which will take us out of our autopilot, fear-mode, and we can pause and think and respond in a wise manor, rather than react instinctively. Before I knew the philosophy, I had already felt the impact of the physical practice (this moving meditation) on the feelings of anxiety and depression in my body and mind.

We have little control over our outside world and most of our conceptions of the world are an illusion; a false sense of security which modern life has provided. Change is inevitable and so is death. This should be an incentive to truly live in the moment, as ‘this moment’ is the only certainty we have. We better find tools to deal with the uncomfortable truth of the inevitability that life will end. Instead fearing it, we need to live the moments we have.

Practicing mindfulness, meditation, yoga, any form of mind-body practice, to reconnect mind and body (and soul and spirit), will help you to become a more connected person; with an open mind, without judgement, and with curiosity to learn and grow. It creates compassion, it helps us see that we are all human and that we all have hardships to go through and that we are all, deep down looking for the same thing. Connection. Do not get stuck in autopilot. Do not let fear win as it leads to separation and hate (for oneself and or others). It is why the world is in turmoil and in desperate need of repair. Start connecting to yourself, so you can connect to others.

 
 
Yoga is the progressive settling of the mind into silence.
When the mind is settled, we are established in our own essential state,
which is unbounded consciousness.
Our essential nature is usually overshadowed by the activity of the mind
— Patanjali, Yoga Sutras
 
The Body, Movement and Somatics
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The human body is not an instrument to be used, but a realm of one’s being,
to be experienced, explored, enriched and thereby educated.
— Thomas Hanna

The reason why yoga made such an impact on me was because my body had become a place of discomfort and pain, and yoga fixed this. Many years of being stressed and working behind a computer, had left so much tension in my body that it became misaligned; I had hunched shoulders and my head moved forward, causing pain in my back and neck. I was permanently compressing my chest and abdomen, which was impacting my breathing and I’m pretty sure it also played a role with my digestive issues. Then when I had major surgery in my abdomen, I couldn’t sit up straight anymore and I was in constant pain. I tried many things, but the three months of private yoga lessons (twice a week), were transformative. I really wish I had taken before and after pictures as it would have just told the story. Yoga was amazing in opening up my body and reconnecting my mind, body and breath, to feel whole again. It was so amazing that I just had to learn more and share this practice.

While studying yoga therapy at Kripalu I was introduced to Somatic Exercises; slow, purposeful movement, effectively restructuring of the alignment of the body (posture) by retraining the brain.

When we first learn to make movements (sitting, walking, etc) the brain learns which muscles to contract in order to make the movements, it will then release when we relax. When we start introducing habits, postures we hold for long periods of time (for instance hunching over a desk, looking at a screen, wearing a bag always on one side), it causes the body to hold the muscle tension in on certain muscles for a period of time (with hunching the abdominal and chest muscles are engaged, the bag causes one shoulder to elevate) and the brain starts to think this is the norm. In other words this is the relaxed state. It doesn’t know what the actual relaxed state is anymore, because you spend so much time in your habitual shape. This ‘forgetting’ of the brain is called Sensory Motor Amnesia.

So it’s not just that muscles get short and tight, the brain keeps engaging the muscle as it thinks this is the normal state.  So you cannot just stretch the muscle longer, you need to retrain the brain to reset the relaxed state. Somatic Exercises, they do just that. By slow, purposeful short practices, relearning what the neutral position of a muscle is and therefor improving posture and removing pain.

Stretching will not retrain the brain and as the stretch reflex will ensure the muscle fibre is not overstretched, the stretching usually is transferred to the connective tissue – it is also just a short term result. Enter pandiculation; the body’s natural way of stretching; you see animals do it (cat stretch) and you probably do it instinctively when you wake up in the morning. It is an active stretch, a full body yawn.

It starts with a voluntary contraction, followed by a slow, and controlled lengthening (using gravity as weight), followed by complete relaxation of the targeted muscles.  Giving the brain time to integrate the new feedback – it’s the reprogramming of the brain to note where a muscle is relaxed.

Somatics consist of a number very slow and purposeful practices, all done without any props on the floor. The only thing you need to ensure is that you do it very slow and every day. From personal experience I am certain you will start feeling the impact very soon!

 
It’s About Life
True yoga is not about the shape of your body, but the shape of your life.
Yoga is not to be performed; yoga is to be lived. Yoga doesn’t care about what you have been; yoga cares about the person you are becoming. Yoga is designed for a vast and profound purpose, and for it to be truly called yoga, its essence must be embodied.
— Aadil Palkhivala
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Yoga

moves my body

gives me strength

deepens my breath

opens my mind

feeds my soul

makes me live

 

Yoga helped me when I was at a real low point in my life, recovering from major surgery and while learning to deal with a chronic illness. It helped me physically with flexibility and strength, but it also opened up the door to other aspects; the breath helped me deal with pain and it impacted my mind and taught me how to deal with difficult emotions. Yoga has given me deeper awareness and a sense of compassion for my body, mind, emotions and spirituality.

I am fascinated by yoga philosophy and its physical, mental, emotional and spiritual qualities; there is always another layer, another connection. While it is vast, I am struck by the beautiful simplicity; it all makes such perfect sense. 

It has opened the path to further learning about the mind-body connection, mindfulness, meditation, breathing, Buddhism, psychology, energy and massage to name a few. I’m absolutely relishing what I am learning about all these things and how they seem to complement each other perfectly.

Yoga has been the underlying current; its philosophy holding an abundance of wisdom which I continue to explore. It is a powerful tool for many challenges in life and I hope it can bring you as much as it continues to bring me. Wouldn't it be wonderful if this was actually something taught from a young age, valuable mind-training and physical exercise, giving us tools to better deal with our emotions, to help with the many challenges of life?

Please don’t be dissuaded by images of bendy people getting into impossible looking shapes, as yoga is so much more than the physical postures.

Anyone can do yoga; yoga is the practice of living wholeheartedly.

Yoga is the practice of quieting the mind.
— Patanjali, Yoga Sutra 1.2
 
 

The beginnings of Yoga were developed in Northern India over 5000 years ago. The word yoga was first mentioned in the oldest sacred texts, the Rig Veda. The Vedas were a collection of texts containing songs, mantras and rituals to be used by Brahmans, the Vedic priests. Yoga was slowly refined and developed in the Upanishads, a huge work containing over 200 scriptures. The most renowned of the Yogic scriptures is the Bhagavad-Gita, composed around 500 BC.

In the second century the Yoga-Sutras -the first systematic presentation of yoga- were written by Patanjali. This text organized the practice of yoga into an “eight limbed path” containing the steps and stages towards obtaining Samadhi or enlightenment (I prefer to think of it as equanimity and balance rather than a concept of bliss). You can read more on the 8 limbs below.

A few centuries after Patanjali, yoga masters created a system of practices designed to rejuvenate the body and prolong life. This led to the creation of what we primarily think of yoga in the West: Hatha Yoga.

In the late 1800s, yoga masters began to travel to the West, attracting attention and followers. In the 1920s, Hatha Yoga was strongly promoted in India with the work of T. Krishnamacharya, Swami Sivananda and other yogis practicing Hatha Yoga. Krishnamacharya opened the first Hatha Yoga school in Mysore in 1924 and produced three students that would continue his legacy and increase the popularity of Hatha Yoga: B.K.S. Iyengar, T.K.V. Desikachar and Pattabhi Jois.

The importation of yoga to the West still continued at a trickle until Indra Devi opened her yoga studio in Hollywood in 1947. Since then, many more western and Indian teachers have become pioneers, popularizing hatha yoga and gaining millions of followers. Hatha Yoga now has many different schools or styles, all emphasizing the many different aspects of the practice.

"The father of modern yoga". Tirumalai Krishnamacharya (1888 – 1989)

"The father of modern yoga".
Tirumalai Krishnamacharya (1888 – 1989)

 
“Yoga is a light, which once lit, will never dim. The better your practice, the brighter the flame.” B.K.S. Iyengar (1918 - 2014)

“Yoga is a light, which once lit, will never dim. The better your practice, the brighter the flame.” B.K.S. Iyengar (1918 - 2014)

 
 

Patanjali's 8-limbed path

1. YAMAS  - 5 Restraints or moral disciplines
   1 Ahimsa (non-violence),
   2 Satya (truthfulness),
   3 Asteya (non stealing),
   4 Brahmacharya (right use of energy),
   5 Aparigraha (non greed or non hoarding).

2. NIYAMAS - 5 Positive duties or observances
   1 Saucha (cleanliness),
   2 Santosha (contentment),
   3 Tapas (discipline),
   4 Svadhyaya (self-study),
   5 Isvarapranidaha (surrender to a higher power).

3. ASANA  - Postures

4. PRANAYAMA  - Breathing techniques

5. PRATYAHARA  - Sense withdrawal

6. DHARANA  - Focused concentration

7. DHYANA   - Meditative absorption

8. SAMADHI  - Bliss or enlightenment

 
Practice: Yoga Nidra
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Yoga Nidra is a guided meditation that uses the Body Scan as one of the key elements of the practice. Yoga nidra, meaning ‘yogic sleep’ is a guided meditation, and is generally performed in the posture of Savasana, lying down, feet hip-width apart and with the eyes closed. 

Make yourself comfortable, perhaps cover yourself with a blanket and be open to the practice. You will be asked for a resolution or sankalpa (click here for an article),  so take a few moments beforehand to think about what this could be. I found that I had developed a very negative image of my body; it was ill and was letting me down. Instead of focussing on what it couldn't do, I wanted to be appreciative of the amazing things it could do, so I used "I am whole, healed and healthy". But it is very personal and can also change over time.

Yoga Nidra is great for anyone, but can be especially beneficial for people who have Crohn's or other stress-triggered illnesses and who need to reconnect with their bodies. There are many articles on the internet, click here for an example. Below some initial Yoga Nidra Sessions, just lie down, be comfortable and I hope it will leave you feeling relaxed and calm and might even trigger a healing process. The more you practice the more beneficial it becomes.